Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease*
  • Lipid risk factors
    • High total cholesterol or LDL-C
    • Small, dense LDL
    • Low HDL-C
    • Hypertrigliceridemia

  • Other risk factors
    • Advancing age
    • Type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Hypertension
    • Obesity
    • Cigarette smoking
    • Family history of CAD
    • Increased levels of Lp(a) lipoprotein
    • Factors related to blood clotting, including increased levels of fibrinogen and PAI-1
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia
    • Certain markers of inflammation, including C-reactive protein
* CAD = coronary artery disease; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PAI-1 = plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.